Ka phaposing ea tlhahlobo ea fektheri e nepahetseng ea mochini o Zhejiang, mohlahlobi oa boleng o ne a sebelisa-mochini o lekanyang o hokahanyang tse tharo ho bona ho mamella mabili a matsoho a tšepe e sa hloekangmme e fumane hore phoso ea radial runout ea sehlopha sa lihlahisoa e feta 0.05mm, e leng se ileng sa fella ka ho tsosolosoa ha sehlopha sohle sa lihlahisoa. Nyeoe ena e totobatsa taba ea bohlokoa: boemo ba mamello le maemo a nepahetseng a mabili a tšepe a tšepe a khethollang ka ho toba ho ikamahanya le maemo le ho tšepahala ha thepa. Sengoliloeng sena se tla sekaseka "khoutu e nepahetseng" ea tlhahiso ea wheelchair ho tloha litekanyong tsa mehopolo ea mantlha, matšoao a mantlha, phapang ea maemo, lits'ebetso tsa tlhahiso le mekhoa ea tlhahlobo, ho thusa lik'hamphani le basebelisi ho qoba likotsi tsa boleng tse bakoang ke litekanyetso tse sa hlakang.
Litaba
1. Mamello le ho nepahala: tlhahlobo ea matšoao a mantlha a tlhahiso ea mabili a matsoho
2. Dimensional tolerance: lintlha tsa bohlokoa tse khethollang ho ikamahanya le maemo
3. Ho mamellana ha Geometri: babolai ba sa bonahaleng ba amang ho nepahala ha ts'ebetso
4. Bokhopo ba sefahleho: maemo a fapaneng ho tloha indastering ho ea ho ea bongaka
5. Papiso ea litlhoko tse nepahetseng bakeng sa maemo a fapaneng a kopo
6. Tšusumetso ea mekhoa ea ho etsa lintho ka mamello: casting vs forging vs cutting
7. Mekhoa ea liteko le lisebelisoa: mokhoa oa ho netefatsa hore ho nepahala ho kopana le litekanyetso?
8. Tataiso ea Khetho: Khetha boemo bo loketseng ba mamello ho latela maemo a mosebetsi
1. Mamello le ho nepahala: tlhahlobo ea matšoao a mantlha a tlhahiso ea mabili a matsoho
Mamello le ho nepahala ha mabili a tšepe a tšepe ha e le hantle ke taolo e habeli ea "dimensional accuracy" le "boleng ba bokaholimo":
Mamello: letoto le lumelletsoeng la phapang ea litekanyo, joalo ka bophara ba lesoba φ50mm±0.02mm;
Ho nepahala: ho kenyelletsa ho nepahala ha dimensional, ho nepahala ha sebopeho (jwalo ka chitja), ho nepahala ha boemo (jwalo ka coaxiality).
Sistimi e tloaelehileng ea mantlha:
Tekanyetso ea naha ea Chaena: GB / T 1800.1 (mamello ea mahlakore), GB / T 1184 (sebopeho le mamello ea boemo);
Tekanyetso ea machaba: ISO 2768 (mamello e akaretsang), ISO 1101 (mamello ea geometri);
Litlhaloso tsa indasteri: JB/T 7279 (maemo a kakaretso a tekheniki bakeng sa mabili a matsoho) bakeng sa indasteri ea mechini, YY/T 0918 (litekanyetso tsa likarolo tse nepahetseng tsa lisebelisoa) bakeng sa indasteri ea bongaka.
2. Dimensional tolerance: lintlha tsa bohlokoa tse khethollang ho ikamahanya le maemo
1. Kereiti ea mamello ea litekanyo tse kholo
| Mofuta oa boholo | Lebili la letsoho la indasteri (mm) | Lebili la letsoho la bongaka (mm) | Lebili la letsoho le nepahetseng (mm) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bophara ba ka ntle (D) | ±0.2 (mophato oa IT12) | ±0.05 (mophato oa IT8) | ±0.02 (mophato oa IT6) |
| Sekoti (d) | ±0.15 (mophato oa IT11) | ±0.03 (mophato oa IT7) | ±0.01 (mophato oa IT5) |
| Botenya (H) | ±0.3 (mophato oa IT13) | ±0.1 (mophato oa IT9) | ±0.05 (mophato oa IT7) |
Papiso ea mohlala:
Ho mamellana ha lesoba la letsoho la sesebelisoa sa mochini (sehlopha sa indasteri) ho feta mamello ka 0.08mm, ho fella ka ho hlephileng le shaft le ho kheloha ha 0.5mm nakong ea ts'ebetso;
Mamello ea lesoba la letsoho la microscope ea ho buoa (sehlopha sa bongaka) e laoloa ho ± 0.01mm, ho netefatsa ho nepahala ha tokiso ea 0.01 degree.
2. Khetho ea mamello e loketseng
Ho lekana: ho lekana pakeng tsa mabili a letsoho le shaft (joaloka H7/g6), indasteri-ho lekana ho 0.02-0.05mm, boemo ba bongaka 0.005-0.01mm;
Tšitiso e loketseng: H7/s6 e sebelisoa maemong a khethehileng (joalo ka-libaka tsa mocheso o phahameng), ka ho mamellana ho tloha ho -0.03 ho ea ho -0.01mm ho netefatsa hore ha ho bohlasoa.
3. Sebopeho le mamello ea boemo: 'molai ea sa bonahaleng o amang ho nepahala ha ts'ebetso
1. Mamello ea sebopeho
Roundness: industrial handwheel Ka tlase kapa e lekana le 0.1mm (diameter 200mm), kereiti ea bongaka e Ka tlase ho kapa e lekana le 0.02mm, kereiti ea sesebelisoa se nepahetseng Ka tlase kapa e lekana le 0.005mm;
Nyeoe: Ho pota-pota ha lebili la letsoho la valve ho feta 0.2mm, ho fella ka ho fetoha ha 15% ho torque e sebetsang, e amang ho bula le ho koala ha valve.
Bophahamo: Ho batalla ha sebaka se kentsoeng ka mabili a letsoho, boemo ba indasteri Bo ka tlase ho kapa bo lekana le 0.15mm, boemo ba bongaka bo Tlase kapa bo lekana le 0.05mm, mokhoa oa ho lemoha: thipa e lekanngoeng ke thipa.
2. Ho mamella maemo
Coaxiality: Coaxiality pakeng tsa aperture le selikalikoe sa ka ntle, boemo ba indasteri Bo ka tlase ho kapa bo lekana le 0.1mm, boemo ba bongaka bo Tlase kapa bo lekana le 0.03mm, kereiti e nepahetseng Ka tlase ho kapa e lekana le 0.01mm;
Tekanyo ea 'nete: Ha coaxiality e feta 0.05mm, radial runout e eketseha ka 0.08mm ha handwheel e potoloha, e ama boemo bo nepahetseng ba lisebelisoa.
Symmetry: Spoke distribution symmetry, industrie grade Ka tlase ho kapa ho lekana le 0.5mm, boemo ba bongaka bo Tlase kapa bo lekana le 0.2mm, bo lekoa ka lisebelisoa tse methang tse tharo- tsa coordinate.
4. Bokhopo ba sefahleho: Litekanyetso tse fapaneng ho tloha sehlopheng sa indasteri ho ea ho tsa bongaka
1. Bokhopo ka maemo a fapaneng (Ra, μm)
Boemo ba indasteri (bokaholimo bo kobehileng): Ra 3.2-6.3, botebo ba knurling 0.3-0.5mm, ho netefatsa hore coefficient ea anti-slip friction E kholo ho feta kapa e lekana le 0.6;
Merero ea bongaka (sebonela sa seipone): Ra E ka tlase ho kapa e lekana le 0.8, ka mor'a ho belisoa ka electrolytic, e ka fihla ho Ra Tlase kapa e lekana le 0.4, e finyella litlhoko tsa sebaka se hloekisitsoeng (masala a baktheria.<10CFU/cm²);
Boemo ba lisebelisoa tse nepahetseng (ho bentša ka mokhoa o phahameng ka ho fetisisa): Ra E ka tlase ho kapa e lekana le 0.2, e sebelisetsoang lisebelisoa tsa letsoho tsa optical ho qoba tšitiso ea ho bonahatsa.
2. Tšusumetso ea ho ba mahlahahlaha mosebetsing
Thelebili la letsohoea mochine oa lijo o na le masala a phofo ka lebaka la ho ba thata Ra 1.6, e leng ho eketsang bothata ba ho hloekisa ka 30%;
Lebili la letsoho la sesebelisoa sa semiconductor le na le Ra Less ho feta kapa le lekana le 0.1, 'me ka li-ceramic bearings, le ka finyella ho nepahala ha ho falla ha 0.001mm.
5. Papiso ea litlhoko tse nepahetseng bakeng sa maemo a fapaneng a ts'ebeliso
1. Boemo ba tlhahiso ea indasteri
Sehlopha sa mamello: IT10-IT12, e loketseng lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa mochine, li-valve, joalo-joalo;
Matšoao a mantlha: mamello ea aperture ± 0.1mm, ho pota-pota Ka tlase kapa ho lekana le 0.08mm, ho ba le bokaholimo ba Ra 3.2;
Nyeoe: Lebili la letsoho la mochine oa sintering ka setsing sa tšepe le lumella ho phalla ha radial ho 0.2mm ho finyella litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso tlas'a maemo a thata a ho sebetsa.
2. Boemo ba lisebelisoa tsa bongaka
Sehlopha sa mamello: IT6-IT8, e loketseng bakeng sa ho sebetsa tafoleng le phetoho ea microscope;
Matšoao a mantlha: mamello ea aperture ± 0.02mm, coaxiality Ka tlase kapa e lekanang le 0.03mm, ho ba le bokaholimo ba Ra Less ho kapa ho lekana le 0.4;
Maemo a tloaelehileng: Litlhoko tsa YY/T 0918, lerata ha lebili la letsoho le potoloha le Tlase kapa le lekana le 35dB, le itšetlehile ka{2}}taolo e nepahetseng ea mamello.
3. Boemo ba lisebelisoa tse nepahetseng
Boemo ba mamello: IT5-IT6, e sebelisetsoang lisebelisoa tsa ho metha tse mahlakore a mararo le mechine ea photolithography;
Matšoao a mantlha: mamello ea aperture ± 0.01mm, flatness Ka tlase kapa ho lekana le 0.01mm, mahoashe Ra Tlase kapa e lekana le 0.2;
Litlhoko tsa ho fumanoa: 10% ea beche ka 'ngoe e etsoa sampole bakeng sa tlhahlobo e feletseng-'me reiti e sa tsoaneng e ka Tlase kapa e lekana le 0.1%.
6. Tšusumetso ea ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ho mamello: casting vs forging vs cutting
1. Ts'ebetso ea ho lahla (e loketseng meaho e rarahaneng)
Boemo ba mamello: IT12-IT14, mamello ea aperture ± 0.3mm, ho hlaka holim'a metsi Ra 12.5;
Application scenario: large valve handwheel (diameter>300mm), ho kheloha ho itseng ho lumelloa;
Litšitiso: masoba a lehlabathe le li-pores li ka 'na tsa hlaha, tse bakang phoso ea ho pota-pota e fetang 0.2mm.
2. Ts'ebetso ea ho theha (ho khethoa ka nepo e phahameng)
Boemo ba mamello: IT8-IT10, mamello ea aperture ± 0.1mm, ho hlaka holim'a metsi Ra 6.3;
Melemo: sebopeho sa ka hare se teteaneng, 50% sebopeho se matla le bokhoni ba ho laola maemo ho feta ho lahla;
Nyeoe: Lebili le itseng la hlobo la koloi le nka mokhoa oa ho qhekella, 'me phoso ea coaxiality e fokotsehile ho tloha ho 0.15mm ea ho lahlela ho 0.05mm.
3. Ts'ebetso ea ho khaola (boemo bo nepahetseng bo tlameha)
Boemo ba mamello: IT5-IT7, mamello ea aperture ± 0.02mm, ho hlaka holim'a metsi Ra 1.6;
Lintlha tsa tšebetso:{0}}Setsi sa machining sa axis tse hlano se fihlelleha ho nepahala ha boemo ba 0.01mm, se loketse bongaka le mabili a matsoho a semiconductor;
Litšenyehelo: 30% e theko e boima ho feta ho lahlela, empa tekanyo ea sekoli e fokotsehile ho tloha ho 5% ho ea ho 0.5%.
7. Mekhoa ea liteko le lisebelisoa: U ka netefatsa joang hore ho nepahala ho lumellana le maemo?
1. Ho lemoha ho mamellana ha tekanyo
Ho lemoha ka kakaretso: Vernier caliper (ho nepahala 0.02mm), micrometer (ho nepahala 0.001mm);
Ho lemoha ka nepo: Ho hokahanya mochini oa ho lekanya (ho nepahala 0.001mm), joalo ka mochini oa ho lekanya oa Hexagon o sebelisoang ke feme e nepahetseng, ho fihlela taolo ea phoso ea boemo ba 0.005mm.
2. Foromo le ho lemoha boemo ba mamello
Metha e pota-potileng: Potoloha le ho lekanya selikalikoe se le seng, kheloha e amohelehang ea boemo ba indasteri 0.1mm, sehlopha sa bongaka 0.02mm;
Methara e thata: Ho lemoha mofuta oa Stylus, boemo ba indasteri Ra 3.2, boemo ba bongaka ba Ra 0.4 kapa ka tlase.
3. Mokhoa oa ho hlahloba
Sekhechana sa pele tlhahlobo e felletseng: tlhahlobo ea 100% ea aperture, bophara ba kantle, sebopeho le mamello ea boemo;
Mehlala ea sehlopha: Ho latela maemo a GB/T 2828.1, AQL=1.0, etsa bonnete ba hore sekhahla se sa tšoaneleheng se ka tlase ho 1%.
8. Tataiso ea Khetho: Khetha boemo bo loketseng ba mamello ho latela maemo a mosebetsi
Melao-motheo e meraro ea ho bapisa boemo ba ho sebetsa
Mofuta oa mojaro: mojaro o boima, khetha ho lahla (ho mamella IT12), mojaro o bobebe, ho nepahala, khetha ho itšeha (ho mamella IT6);
Litlhoko tsa tikoloho: e mongobo / e senyang, khetha ho forging + ho mamella ho nepahetseng (fokotsa mafome a bakoang ke ho lumellana hantle);
Litlhoko tse nepahetseng: boemo ba indasteri bakeng sa ho nepahala ha boemo> 0.1mm, kereiti ea bongaka / e nepahetseng bakeng sa <0.05mm.
Lintlha tsa bohlokoa ho qoba maraba
Ela hloko liphatlalatso tsa "mamello ka kakaretso": morekisi o ile a sebelisa li-handwheels tsa ho mamella boemo ba IT14 joalo ka sehlopha sa IT10, e leng se ileng sa fella ka ho hlōleha ha kopano ea thepa;
Phekolo ea sefahleho e ama mamello: electroplating e ka eketsa botenya ka 0.02-0.05mm, 'me moeli oa mamello o lokela ho bolokoa;
Tlhahlobo ea tlaleho ea liteko: Tlaleho ea tlhahlobo ea CMM ea hlokahala, ho kenyeletsoa lintlha tse felletseng tsa sebaka sa ho bula, ho kopana, le ho ba mahoashe.
Kakaretso
Maemo a mamello le maemo a nepahetseng a mabili a matsoho a tšepe ea tšepe ke "borokho" bo kopanyang metako ea moralo le ts'ebeliso ea 'nete: maemo a indasteri-a tiisa hore lisebelisoa li sebetsa ka thata,{1}litekanyetso tsa bongaka li sireletsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng, le ho nepahala{2}}litekanyetso tsa maemo li tšehetsa nano{3}litlhoko tsa boemo bo nepahetseng. Hlakola ha u khetha:
Maemo a indasteri: ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho mamello ea mahlakore (IT10-IT12) le bokhopo bo khahlanong le ho thella (Ra 3.2);
Maemo a bongaka: ho laola ka thata ho mamellana ha geometri (coaxiality Ka tlase kapa e lekanang le 0.03mm) le bohloeki ba holim'a metsi (Ra Less ho feta kapa lekana le 0.4);
Lisebelisoa tse nepahetseng: phehella ho nepahala ho feteletseng (IT5-IT6) le ho lemoha sekoli sa zero (sekhahla sa sampole 100%).
Ka ho latela litekanyetso tsa GB/ISO, ho khetha mekhoa e ts'oanang, le ho latela ts'ebetso ea tlhahlobo ka tieo, lik'hamphani li ka qoba liphoso tsa kopano ka nepo le liphoso tsa ts'ebetso tse bakoang ke ho se lumellane ha mamello. Hopola: ho nepahala ha ho molemo ho feta, empa "hantle feela" - ho leka-lekanya litšenyehelo le ts'ebetso molemong oa ho kopana le maemo a ts'ebetso ke motheo oa mantlha oa tlhahiso ea mabili a matsoho.
